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Participants during the Climate Justice Dialogue |
Climate change has been documented to be induced
by human activities such as agriculture, industrialization and construction with
impacts directly deterring economic growth. In Uganda climate change impacts
are evident with increasing food prices due to supply side shocks to
agriculture caused by drought, declining water levels and increasing disasters
(floods, landslides and drought) which in turn have exacerbated poverty levels in
Uganda. Furthermore, climate change has continued to distort livelihood sources
and made access to the basic needs i.e. water, food and shelter extremely
difficult.
Looking at the societal class most
affected, it is the vulnerable people (poor, disempowered and marginalized) severely
affected by the impacts of climate change due to limited alternatives to adapt
to climate change and already existing economic, physical and social challenges
like disability, poverty, education a few to mention. Such exerted external
influence to already vulnerable class of society is collectively qualified to
result in injustices to such vulnerable groups.
According to the Mary Robinson
Foundation, climate justice refers to sharing the burdens and benefits of
climate change and its resolution equitably and fairly. Elsewhere, civil
society organizations have contextualized Climate justice as a mechanism that
can help to strike a balance between shared climate change burdens and benefits
at all levels of the country e.g. when governments/public sectors fail to
promote inclusive and equitable responsive actions to combat climate change
impacts, climate injustice is inevitable.
Different
scholars have highlighted the relationship between Climate justice, human
rights and development with the Mary Robinson Foundation qualifying the
achievement of human centred approaches. Climate Injustices can be manifested
in forms of; information gaps on climate change response actions, decision
making gap and limited transparency and accountability in implementing climate
actions.
The
Foundation has moved a step forward to guide on how to ensure climate justice
by developing 7 fundamentals i.e. 1) Respect and protection of Human Rights, 2)
Support the right to development, 3) Share burdens and benefits equitably, 4) Ensure
that decisions on climate change are participatory, transparent and
accountable, 5) Highlight gender equality and equity, 6) Harness the transformative power of
education for climate stewardship and 7)Use effective partnership to ensure
climate justice.
Despite
the close relationship of climate Justice between human rights and development,
to many, Climate justice is considered as a new term. Noting that different stakeholders
understand and address things differently, building national consensus on what
entail climate justice is one such way to enable stakeholders’ dialogue and raise
awareness.
In
line with the Rio Principle 10 that sets out the 3 fundamental rights: access
to information, access to public participation and access to justice, Climate
Justice begins with closing the information gap on climate change, its impacts
and existing opportunities. For example youth have a role to play in advancing
climate justice though such a role is greatly dependent on the levels of
awareness and understanding of climate change, youth involvement in decision
making and actual implementation of climate actions.
If
Uganda is to advance climate justice this should be through; communicating a
common clear message, improving transparency and accountability to citizens,
promoting partnerships with private and public intuitions and raising awareness
on the burdens and benefits from climate change. Therefore, while
contextualizing climate justice in Uganda, it is necessary to undertake an
audit on how practices for climate action respond to the 7 principles
established by the Mary Robison Foundation.
Composed
by:
Christine Mbatuusa
Fellow at EMLI